Why do self-exams
Testicular self-exams are important to notice changes in one’s testicles. By doing monthly testicular self-exams, you should become familiar with your testicles, thus making it easier to notice any changes.
Most testicular cancers are found by men themselves or their partner, very few are found by a physician. This is why it is so important to be familiar with what is normal and if you do notice any changes then see a doctor immediately.
Since there is no way to prevent testicular cancer, they key is catching it early and self-exams can be your best tool for early detection.
How to
It is best to do the testicular self-exam during or right after a warm shower or bath. The warmth relaxes the scrotum making the exam easier.
Don't be alarmed if one testicle seems slightly larger than the other, or if one testicle hangs lower than the other - that's normal.
You should also be aware that each normal testicle has a small, coiled tube called the epididymis that can feel like a small bump on the upper or middle outer side of the testis.
Normal testicles also contain blood vessels, supporting tissues, and tubes that carry sperm. Some men may confuse these with abnormal lumps at first. If you have any concerns, ask your doctor.
Self-exams are best done during or after a warm shower or bath, when the scrotum is relaxed. Check for any swelling on the scrotal skin.
Examine each testicle with both hands. Hold your testicle between your thumbs and middle fingers and roll it gently but firmly between your fingers.
Look and feel for any hard lumps or nodules (smooth rounded masses) or any change in the size, shape, texture or consistency of your testicle.
Find the epididymis, a soft rope-like structure on the back of the testicle. If you are familiar with this structure, you wont mistake it for a suspicious lump.
You shouldn't feel any pain when performing a self-exam. Be aware of any general soreness or heaviness. However, most cases of testicular cancer are painless so pain is not a good indicator of disease. Your testicles should be smooth and firm to the touch and if you notice any changes then mention this to your doctor.
A testicle can get larger for many reasons other than cancer. For example, fluid can collect around the testicle to form a hydrocele. Or, the veins in the testicle can dilate and cause enlargement and lumpiness around the testicle. If your testicle seems larger, have a doctor examine you to be sure you have one of these conditions and not a tumor. If anything finding a benign cause of your symptoms will bring peace of mind.
